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Counterexample

Is this true?

Same characteristic polynomial ⇒ similar

No — it is false.

The counterexample

0 matrix and [[0,1],[0,0]]

Why it fails

Both have char poly x2x^{2}, different minimal polynomials (x vs x2)x^{2}).

Go deeper· Explained in full in Characteristic vs minimal polynomial — what each tells you· Asked in CSIR NET December 2025· From Eigenvalues and Canonical Forms › Eigenvalues, characteristic & minimal polynomials, Cayley–Hamilton

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