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Part BCSIR NET December 2024the-null-density-is-uniform

The null density is uniform

Let X be a random variable with the probability density function f(x)=2θx+2(1−θ)(1−x)f(x) = 2\theta{}x + 2(1 - \theta)(1 - x) if 0 < x < 1, and 0 otherwise, where θ∈[0,1]\theta \in [0, 1]. Based on single observation x, the critical region of the most powerful test for testing null hypothesis H0:θ=1/2H_{0} : \theta = 1/2 against alternative hypothesis H1:θ=1H_{1} : \theta = 1, at level of significance α=0.25\alpha = 0.25, is

  1. A.x < 1/4
  2. B.x > 3/4✓ Correct
  3. C.1/2 < x < 3/4
  4. D.1/4 < x < 1/2

You have the answer. Trap Analysis is why the other three were written.

Not a worked solution repeated four times — the specific reasoning error each wrong option was built to reward, and why this one tests standard counterexample.

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50 are analysed free — try those first.

The trap it tests

Standard counterexample

There is a canonical object that settles this. Recognising it is the whole question.

Drill statements like this

Related counterexample: A UMP test exists for every testing problem

More on this topic

The chapter behind this: Neyman–Pearson and UMP tests — free to read

From Hypothesis Testing › Neyman–Pearson lemma and UMP tests

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